現代鍋爐(lu)給(gei)水(shui)(shui)泵(beng)的(de)(de)日常(chang)養(yang)(yang)(yang)護(hu)必(bi)須以故障(zhang)預防(fang)為目(mu)的(de)(de)，建立科學(xue)的(de)(de)養(yang)(yang)(yang)護(hu)體系與(yu)(yu)制度(du)，以指導給(gei)水(shui)(shui)泵(beng)的(de)(de)日常(chang)養(yang)(yang)(yang)護(hu)工作(zuo)。建立給(gei)水(shui)(shui)泵(beng)零(ling)部件故障(zhang)及更換記錄，詳細掌握(wo)各(ge)部件損壞時(shi)(shi)間，以便于后(hou)期在零(ling)部件到使用壽命前及時(shi)(shi)更換，避(bi)免(mian)零(ling)部件（例(li)如：軸(zhou)承等）損壞后(hou)發(fa)現不(bu)及時(shi)(shi)對(dui)(dui)機(ji)組造成損壞。另外，還要加(jia)強給(gei)水(shui)(shui)泵(beng)潤(run)滑(hua)系統的(de)(de)保養(yang)(yang)(yang)，經常(chang)性檢查(cha)(cha)潤(run)滑(hua)油(you)(you)量，及時(shi)(shi)對(dui)(dui)部件進行(xing)潤(run)滑(hua)，避(bi)免(mian)“干磨”等情況的(de)(de)發(fa)生。潤(run)滑(hua)油(you)(you)的(de)(de)添(tian)加(jia)前要注意檢查(cha)(cha)油(you)(you)質與(yu)(yu)添(tian)加(jia)口的(de)(de)清(qing)潔度(du)，避(bi)免(mian)添(tian)加(jia)過程帶入雜質損壞軸(zhou)承。在養(yang)(yang)(yang)護(hu)中還要注意對(dui)(dui)給(gei)水(shui)(shui)泵(beng)系統管路(lu)的(de)(de)檢查(cha)(cha)與(yu)(yu)保養(yang)(yang)(yang)，及時(shi)(shi)對(dui)(dui)泄露處(chu)進行(xing)堵漏，管路(lu)外側(ce)防(fang)銹(xiu)涂層(ceng)要經常(chang)進行(xing)檢查(cha)(cha)，對(dui)(dui)涂層(ceng)剝落處(chu)及時(shi)(shi)進行(xing)噴涂，以此確保管路(lu)的(de)(de)防(fang)腐(fu)蝕(shi)性。養(yang)(yang)(yang)護(hu)中還需要注意對(dui)(dui)給(gei)水(shui)(shui)泵(beng)水(shui)(shui)源(yuan)處(chu)理系統的(de)(de)檢查(cha)(cha)與(yu)(yu)保養(yang)(yang)(yang)。
電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)熱造(zao)(zao)(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)熱的(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)因(yin)主要(yao)是由(you)(you)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓偏高或偏低、傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)不(bu)(bu)暢(chang)、通(tong)風(feng)(feng)系(xi)統故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)或機(ji)(ji)組(zu)故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)造(zao)(zao)(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)熱。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)熱嚴(yan)重(zhong)時(shi)會造(zao)(zao)(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)絕緣(yuan)燒壞、轉(zhuan)子斷條等(deng)(deng)情況發(fa)生。因(yin)此，在(zai)發(fa)現電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)熱時(shi)應采用氣(qi)動(dong)(dong)其他動(dong)(dong)力方式，進(jin)行(xing)(xing)停機(ji)(ji)檢修。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓原(yuan)(yuan)因(yin)造(zao)(zao)(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)熱應對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統進(jin)行(xing)(xing)檢查(cha)，通(tong)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)恢復穩定供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解決鍋爐給水(shui)泵電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)熱故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)。另外(wai)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)不(bu)(bu)暢(chang)也會造(zao)(zao)(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)熱，由(you)(you)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)與給水(shui)泵間的(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)不(bu)(bu)暢(chang)造(zao)(zao)(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)負載過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)大，出(chu)(chu)現小馬(ma)拉大車的(de)(de)(de)現象，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)載是溫度(du)升高。此種情況必須及時(shi)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)檢修，造(zao)(zao)(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)機(ji)(ji)組(zu)故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)。對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)與給水(shui)泵的(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)統系(xi)統進(jin)行(xing)(xing)徹底排查(cha)，常(chang)見的(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)統不(bu)(bu)暢(chang)主要(yao)由(you)(you)于傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)系(xi)統轉(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)軸(zhou)承缺油(you)、軸(zhou)承損(sun)壞等(deng)(deng)造(zao)(zao)(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)。找出(chu)(chu)故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)所在(zai)點進(jin)行(xing)(xing)更換或潤滑(hua)即可(ke)。由(you)(you)于同(tong)分系(xi)統故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)引起(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)熱時(shi)最為常(chang)見故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)之一(yi)，其主要(yao)是由(you)(you)于風(feng)(feng)扇損(sun)壞、通(tong)風(feng)(feng)孔(kong)道堵塞、軸(zhou)承磨(mo)損(sun)等(deng)(deng)原(yuan)(yuan)因(yin)使(shi)得通(tong)風(feng)(feng)系(xi)統不(bu)(bu)能完成(cheng)(cheng)所應承擔(dan)的(de)(de)(de)工作，造(zao)(zao)(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)熱，嚴(yan)重(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)還將燒毀線(xian)圈(quan)。此種情況必須逐項(xiang)排查(cha)，找出(chu)(chu)故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)原(yuan)(yuan)因(yin)，通(tong)暢(chang)通(tong)風(feng)(feng)孔(kong)道、修補風(feng)(feng)扇、更換軸(zhou)承即可(ke)解決故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)。
泵(beng)(beng)(beng)體(ti)過(guo)熱(re)(re)常見的(de)原因(yin)是(shi)由于軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)損(sun)壞造(zao)成摩擦所致(zhi)，或(huo)者是(shi)由于潤(run)滑(hua)系統缺油(you)、油(you)質不好造(zao)成。因(yin)此在發現給水泵(beng)(beng)(beng)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)體(ti)過(guo)熱(re)(re)后應首先檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)潤(run)滑(hua)系統是(shi)否缺油(you)或(huo)潤(run)滑(hua)油(you)含有雜(za)質等，其次排查(cha)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)是(shi)否損(sun)壞。對于剛剛經過(guo)檢(jian)(jian)修的(de)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)體(ti)出(chu)現過(guo)熱(re)(re)還應檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)滾動軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)或(huo)托架(jia)蓋是(shi)否間(jian)隙過(guo)小。經過(guo)上述檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)后泵(beng)(beng)(beng)體(ti)仍(reng)然出(chu)現發熱(re)(re)應檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)是(shi)否彎曲或(huo)兩(liang)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)不同(tong)心、同(tong)時檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)葉(xie)(xie)輪(lun)(lun)平衡(heng)，調(diao)整泵(beng)(beng)(beng)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)或(huo)調(diao)整兩(liang)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)同(tong)心度，清除葉(xie)(xie)輪(lun)(lun)平衡(heng)孔(kong)，以此保證泵(beng)(beng)(beng)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)與(yu)葉(xie)(xie)輪(lun)(lun)的(de)轉動平衡(heng)，排除故障。
流(liu)(liu)量(liang)不(bu)足鍋爐給水(shui)泵(beng)(beng)流(liu)(liu)量(liang)的主要(yao)原因主要(yao)有泵(beng)(beng)葉(xie)損(sun)壞、管路堵(du)塞或(huo)泄(xie)露造(zao)成(cheng)。對(dui)于(yu)采(cai)用(yong)皮(pi)帶(dai)傳動(dong)的給水(shui)泵(beng)(beng)還要(yao)考慮是否由(you)于(yu)皮(pi)帶(dai)打滑造(zao)成(cheng)轉速偏低引起流(liu)(liu)量(liang)不(bu)足。排查皮(pi)帶(dai)后檢(jian)查管路，堵(du)塞泄(xie)露處流(liu)(liu)量(liang)仍然不(bu)足應考慮是否出現葉(xie)輪(lun)損(sun)壞。檢(jian)查葉(xie)輪(lun)并對(dui)軸(zhou)(zhou)承等部位(wei)進行潤滑，避(bi)免由(you)于(yu)軸(zhou)(zhou)承潤滑不(bu)暢或(huo)損(sun)壞造(zao)成(cheng)轉速不(bu)足引起流(liu)(liu)量(liang)不(bu)足。
震動(dong)(dong)(dong)過大(da)造(zao)成(cheng)之一故障(zhang)(zhang)的(de)原因(yin)一方(fang)面是由(you)于(yu)潤滑缺油(you)或(huo)潤滑油(you)含有雜(za)質造(zao)成(cheng)，應一方(fang)面機(ji)組(zu)的(de)震動(dong)(dong)(dong)也會造(zao)成(cheng)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)系統(tong)故障(zhang)(zhang)的(de)增多。水泵(beng)系統(tong)的(de)震動(dong)(dong)(dong)過大(da)會對(dui)整個機(ji)組(zu)的(de)安全產生重(zhong)要的(de)影響(xiang)，嚴(yan)重(zhong)危(wei)害機(ji)組(zu)安全穩定的(de)運行，而且過大(da)的(de)震動(dong)(dong)(dong)對(dui)機(ji)組(zu)、機(ji)組(zu)基礎等(deng)都(dou)有著重(zhong)要的(de)影響(xiang)。在出現(xian)機(ji)組(zu)過大(da)震動(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)原因(yin)主(zhu)要是由(you)于(yu)泵(beng)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)或(huo)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)桿(gan)變(bian)形(xing)(xing)、軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)損(sun)壞(huai)以及底座固(gu)定螺(luo)栓(shuan)松動(dong)(dong)(dong)等(deng)。出現(xian)機(ji)組(zu)振(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)過大(da)后，應首先檢查固(gu)定底座螺(luo)栓(shuan)是否牢固(gu)，其次查看(kan)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)部位(wei)是否出現(xian)過熱轉(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)不(bu)暢等(deng)情況。如過線上述情況則可確定引起(qi)振(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)過大(da)的(de)是軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)損(sun)壞(huai)造(zao)成(cheng)。排除其他原因(yin)后機(ji)組(zu)振(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)依舊，則可以認為(wei)是泵(beng)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)或(huo)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)桿(gan)變(bian)形(xing)(xing)引起(qi)振(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)過大(da)。泵(beng)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)或(huo)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)桿(gan)變(bian)形(xing)(xing)多為(wei)臨時性形(xing)(xing)變(bian)，是由(you)于(yu)機(ji)組(zu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)部分損(sun)壞(huai)造(zao)成(cheng)局部過熱造(zao)成(cheng)的(de)變(bian)形(xing)(xing)。可停機(ji)后溫度均衡變(bian)形(xing)(xing)即(ji)可消失。
因此，鍋爐(lu)的(de)維護(hu)與管理(li)部門(men)必須重視鍋爐(lu)給(gei)(gei)水泵系統(tong)的(de)養(yang)護(hu)與管理(li)，以故障預防為目的(de)科學的(de)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)養(yang)護(hu)，及時跟換(huan)使用(yong)壽命(ming)到期的(de)零(ling)部件，避免零(ling)部件損壞后(hou)對機組造成更大(da)的(de)損壞。建立水泵系統(tong)養(yang)護(hu)記錄，根(gen)據(ju)鍋爐(lu)運(yun)行(xing)(xing)情況以及記錄科學的(de)分析(xi)，確(que)定(ding)更換(huan)時間，以此保(bao)障給(gei)(gei)水泵系統(tong)的(de)穩定(ding)運(yun)行(xing)(xing)。這就需要(yao)(yao)維護(hu)部門(men)要(yao)(yao)加(jia)強(qiang)專業技(ji)術人(ren)員的(de)培養(yang)，要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)專業技(ji)術人(ren)才不(bu)僅具有較(jiao)高的(de)鍋爐(lu)給(gei)(gei)水泵專業知識與技(ji)能(neng)，還要(yao)(yao)具有現代設備管理(li)理(li)念與方法。科學的(de)管理(li)和專業的(de)技(ji)能(neng)才能(neng)確(que)保(bao)鍋爐(lu)安全穩定(ding)的(de)運(yun)行(xing)(xing)。